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Volleyball Knowledge Center

Illustrated guides to volleyball rules, scoring, court zones, rotations, contacts, player roles, and libero basics.

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Six Building Blocks

Each guide pairs a visual panel with practical match-watching notes, based on FIVB basic rules and official rule references.

Court Zones and Dimensions

A visual guide to the indoor court, attack line, service zone, net, antennae, and free zone.

A standard indoor court is 18 m long and 9 m wide.
The attack line is 3 m from the center line on each side.
Antennae mark the legal crossing space over the net.

Rally Scoring and Set Targets

How every rally produces a point, why 25 matters, and what changes in a deciding set.

Every rally awards one point to the rally winner.
Most sets are played to 25 points.
A team must usually lead by at least two points to win a set.

Rotation and Six Positions

How clockwise rotation, front row, back row, and service order shape every rally.

Teams rotate clockwise after winning the right to serve.
Players must be in correct rotational order at the serve.
After the serve, players can move into tactical roles.

Three Contacts: Pass, Set, Attack

The basic sequence behind most rallies: control the first ball, shape the second, finish the third.

A team may use up to three contacts before sending the ball over.
The classic pattern is pass, set, attack.
A block touch does not count as one of the team's three contacts.

Player Roles

Understand setters, outside hitters, middle blockers, opposites, and liberos at a glance.

The setter organizes the offense.
Middles attack fast and close blocks across the net.
Liberos specialize in passing and defense.

Libero Defense and Serve Receive

Why the libero wears a different jersey and how this role stabilizes the back row.

The libero is a back-row defensive specialist.
The libero wears a different colored jersey.
Libero replacement rules are different from normal substitutions.